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(More customer reviews)"Pearl Harbor Redefined" is a scholarly monograph that combines original research, based on new archival sources, with a thoughtful historiographical critique of the topic: pre-Pearl Harbor radio intelligence. In each chapter, the author, Timothy Wilford, contrasts his research with the views of other historians and redefines the Pearl Harbor controversy.
Firstly, Wilford places the Pearl Harbor attack in a broad historical perspective, offering readers a survey of the events that led to a political crisis between the United States and Japan. Secondly, he examines the state of U.S. Navy "cryptanalysis" (code-breaking) in 1941, using contemporaneous primary evidence, concluding that the U.S. had partial reading ability of the principal Japanese Navy Code, and that important information concerning the existence of a Strike Force and some of its plans may have been accessible to American intelligence. Thirdly, Wilford assesses U.S. Navy "traffic analysis", or direction-finding and signals analysis, as a means of providing foreknowledge of Japan's actions in the North Pacific. In this section, Wilford develops a case against the claim of Japanese radio silence and reconstructs the Strike Force communications plan. He also reconstructs the Dec. 3/41 report of Leslie Grogan, based on Grogan's written accounts and Grogan's interviews with historian Ladislas Farago. Fourthly, Wilford looks at U.S. Navy intelligence reporting and Allied intelligence support, producing even more original research concerning British foreknowledge of the Pearl Harbor attack, based upon Canadian sources. Finally, he concludes that sufficient radio intelligence existed to predict the Pearl Harbor attack - complete surprise at Pearl Harbor could only have resulted from an enormous failure in intelligence reporting ("gross neglect") or a Washington plan to sacrifice Pearl Harbor to enter WWII ("careful design", Wilford's euphemism for a secret plan or conspiracy).
Wilford's research and interpretation is strikingly original and will appeal to those interested in Intelligence History, Pearl Harbor Historiography, or the Pacific War in general. The general reader should note that this is quite a technical book, dealing at length with the principles of radio communications and intelligence (there are 449 footnotes, and 10 pages of bibliographic sources, many representing newly-released archival material). However, in the book's conclusion, Wilford succeeds at placing his research in a broader perspective, and reflects on the meaning of the "traditionalist" and "revisionist" views, asking some rather poignant questions. "Pearl Harbor Redefined" will likely compel some historians to re-appraise the events that led to the Pacific War.
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